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Palettes were rarely used for depths greater than 12 bits per pixel, as the memory consumed by the palette would exceed the necessary memory for direct color on every pixel.Ģ colors, often black and white (or whatever color the CRT phosphor was) direct color. If instead the color can be directly figured out from the pixel values, it is 'direct color'. 24-bit palettes are nearly universal on any recent hardware or file format using them. While the best VGA systems only offered an 18-bit (262,144 color) palette from which colors could be chosen, all color Macintosh video hardware offered a 24-bit (16 million color) palette. The palette itself has a color depth (number of bits per entry). For example, in the ZX Spectrum the picture is stored in a two-color format, but these two colors can be separately defined for each rectangular block of 8×8 pixels. Old graphics chips, particularly those used in home computers and video game consoles, often have the ability to use a different palette per sprites and tiles in order to increase the maximum number of simultaneously displayed colors, while minimizing use of then-expensive memory (and bandwidth). Modifiable palettes are sometimes referred to as pseudocolor palettes. The colors available in the palette itself may be fixed by the hardware or modifiable by software. With the relatively low color depth, the stored value is typically a number representing the index into a color map or palette (a form of vector quantization). 8 and smaller use an adaptive palette so quality may be better than some systems can provide. Same image on five different color depths, showing resulting (compressed) file sizes.The number of bits of resolved intensity in a color channel is also known as radiometric resolution, especially in the context of satellite images. The definition of both color precision and gamut is accomplished with a color encoding specification which assigns a digital code value to a location in a color space. Modern standards tend to use bits per component, but historical lower-depth systems used bits per pixel more often.Ĭolor depth is only one aspect of color representation, expressing the precision with which the amount of each primary can be expressed the other aspect is how broad a range of colors can be expressed (the gamut). When referring to a color component, the concept can be defined as bits per component, bits per channel, bits per color (all three abbreviated bpc), and also bits per pixel component, bits per color channel or bits per sample (bps). When referring to a pixel, the concept can be defined as bits per pixel (bpp).

Color depth or colour depth (see spelling differences), also known as bit depth, is either the number of bits used to indicate the color of a single pixel, or the number of bits used for each color component of a single pixel.

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